Java - any good for game programming?

Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby charlie » 28 Jun 2011, 12:27

FreakNigh {l Wrote}:I've never heard of something like Eve or a WoW server made with java. It should be made with something like c / c++ because this language is basically a machine language, it nearly compiles directly into assembly.

If the argument is for stability reasons I simply recommend you get a c coder with good practices such as avoiding pointers, properly object orienting, avoiding threads and avoiding dynamic memory. C / C++ is about limiting too much freedom and then your fine.

I don't think your position is objective or informed, you are just making sweeping statements without any particular evidence or proof.

FreakNigh {l Wrote}:From my understanding Java is all about being an alternative for a bad OS by putting a layer between the OS and the code and babysitting a lot.

Your understanding is wrong and ignorant.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby FreakNigh » 28 Jun 2011, 13:44

Site Admin can't be a flame baiting troll so enjoy your Java games =)

You want an example though see Minetest vs Minecraft. One is c / c++ and can handle a ton more, the other is Java.

Anyways it's totally absurd to say the most demanding servers should be in Java, come on. And to just dismiss me as uninformed when I say WoW and Eve were not written in Java? I'm sorry, is it written in Java? Is that the proper response if I was simply wrong and it was written in Java lol? I think you "sweeped" my whole response and are now trying to make it about who's ignorant or not lol. Have you ever written assembly or c / c++? You just throw away my statement that c basicly translates straight into assembly? Don't get your approach here, I'm assuming you can write Java but not C. I'm the opposite but I can write a few different languages and every time I try Java I'm totally disgusted. I've coded more lines of code then you and your friends will for the rest of your life, however I guess you'll make that dismissible because it's all mostly in c / c++.

If Java is sooo fast, why is it never in embedded devices? Check your facts, If you want to say anyone is uninformed then by all means inform us or be humble.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby oln » 28 Jun 2011, 13:57

FreakNigh {l Wrote}:Site Admin can't be a flame baiting troll so enjoy your Java games =)

You want an example though see Minetest vs Minecraft. One is c / c++ and can handle a ton more, the other is Java.

I would think that this has more to do with code quality than language.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby FreakNigh » 28 Jun 2011, 13:59

What is an example of a project that was originally c/c++ then remade in Java that ran faster?

I don't even have beef against Java lol. All I said is there a time and place for any language / library etc and that Java is not your choice if your servers demands are so high your buying $10k + hardware to run it. How is that debatable?
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby oln » 28 Jun 2011, 14:12

I don't think anyone made the claim that Java performs better than C/C++.

Anyway, for a massive game server, I would think that using languages made for parrallelisation (e.g Erlang) is probably a better choice than java, if one want's a "safer" alternative.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby FreakNigh » 28 Jun 2011, 14:21

charlie {l Wrote}:
FreakNigh {l Wrote}:Is it a massive server crunching a ton of information, because that will not be ideal for java?

I would have thought that was the ideal situation to choose Java... ;)


charlie made a claim.

Just choose whatever realistic language your team is best with and better chances are it's possible to make it work. If the game can be made in Java or C or whatever then what does it matter? It only matters if it is strictly impossible.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby oln » 28 Jun 2011, 14:27

He didn't claim that it would perform better, he claimed that Java may be a better choice for that kind of application.
Performance is not the only thing to take into consideration. (Not that I think Java is the prime choice here.)
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby FreakNigh » 28 Jun 2011, 14:38

He said he thought it was ideal to have java in a massive information crunching situation explicitly over c / c++ with the defense of if you don't like it your a sweeping ignorant ill informed moron.

??? That's about it...
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby ServalKatze » 28 Jun 2011, 16:04

FreakNigh {l Wrote}:I've never heard of something like Eve or a WoW server made with java.


No, the EVE server was mostly written in Stackless Python. :D

Anyway, the original question was: Is Java ANY good for game programming?

And I'd say: Yes, it is SOME good for game programming.

TripleA titles would require a ton of graphical fluff that would probably not be easily doable in Java. However, you can still create some nice and fun games with it (Spiral Knights, Tribal Trouble) and the language does have some benefits (portability, applets, "easier" coding - which is probably why it is used for Minecraft).

Just my 0,02€ *pling*
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby oln » 28 Jun 2011, 16:48

ServalKatze {l Wrote}:(portability, applets, "easier" coding - which is probably why it is used for Minecraft).

Some of the success of minecraft is due to it being made in java, as it has enabled people to decompile and mod the game.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby StudioFortress » 28 Jun 2011, 21:41

First, I'd like to clarify some of my claims. I DO think Java is an excellent choice, it's just an excellent choice with issues.

However I have worked on financial servers, and they are some of the most mission critical you will find. For example the largest technology department in Europe is Morgan Stanley, a bank, not Microsoft or IBM. Being 200ms slow in a game is acceptable; where as being 200ms slow on a financial server can lose you money. One of the biggest companies that provide financial servers is Fidessa, used by over 80% of the worlds brokers and banks, and they switched to (or started switching to) Java a few years ago for their servers.

In full Java is pretty much _THE_ language for very large server software. C++ and C are typically very bad choices because you can't trivially pick up the software and move it across to another OS/architecture. You can with Java because you aren't using any GUI, keyboard, mouse, OpenGL code (it's all internal number churning). The Oracle Database, which IS used by WoW, actually ships with a JVM built in to it!

In short C++ can't really compile 'int a = 1+1' down to more efficient assembly code then Java, and some things such as virtual method invocation have actually been shown to be _faster_ with Java. So you gain very little using those languages instead.

Another big plus with servers is that they run from months to years at a time, and Java can optimize itself at runtime (and does so heavily on the server). C++ can't.

FreakNigh {l Wrote}:If Java is sooo fast, why is it never in embedded devices? Check your facts, If you want to say anyone is uninformed then by all means inform us or be humble.

If you check your facts then you'd know that the ARM architecture includes J2ME support. You'd also know that pretty much every phone, including the iPhone, uses an ARM based architecture and so has support for Jazelle (it just isn't used by Apple on the iPhone). J2ME is easily one of the most popular embedded devices in the world, and in places like India and China it's in very heavy use (we are talking 100s of millions of users). There are also a broad range of low-end Chinese built phones where they are entirely written with Java and include TV-tuners, games, wifi and more (but aren't that great to use as they are fairly cheap and cheerful).

There are also many specialist Java devices including hobbyist robots, Sun Spots (which weren't very good) and Java Card, that all run Java.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby FreakNigh » 29 Jun 2011, 10:10

Okay well I'm not a Java expert, I know it uses a virtual machine and does not compile into assembly. It can also be decompiled. int a = 1 + 1; would set aside 4 bytes in the program memory and have an assembly command to push a 2 into it, unless Java is doing exactly the same I don't how it is doing that faster. In other words Java somehow does that faster then one single assembly line which is one of the fastest assembly lines? I think the Bank's would choose languages over c not for performance reasons. They need to run fast but they can have as many computers as they need to do it, they aren't trying to make it all work on budget hardware or desktop computers.

As for the embedded devices I suppose I'm talking a bit more on the range of the smaller one's with limited memory. No doubt they have embedded devices that do anything like run linux or windows. Also with the phones this gets into my previous "wrong and ignorant understanding" that Java is an alternative to a bad OS. A lot of the cheap phones can't have people writing c / assembly programs for them because they don't want to build a secure enough OS to keep them out of the hardware and from creating viruses etc.

If you have a server situation where the problem is split amongst many servers (because obviously oracle and banks do not run it all on one server) then if there was a performance lose with a language then it only means a % more computers are needed.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby StudioFortress » 29 Jun 2011, 11:40

In hindsight, when I wrote "C++ can't really compile 'int a = 1+1' down to more efficient assembly code then Java", it was more of a figure of speech then a specific example.

There is a perception online that any assembly generated from a C++ compiler is always faster then assembly generated by anything else. My point is that there is nothing to stop simple logic being optimized by both a C++ compiler and a Java runtime down to the _same_ assembly instructions. There is no C++ magic that allows C++ to _always_ create more efficient assembly. For several years now benchmarks have been cropping up showing Java can be slightly faster (and generally pretty damn close). Again this typically only happens once you remove all the user interaction and run it for a very long time, like on a server.

Taking a step back, Java is one of the most popular languages in the world (possibly the most popular), and this is mostly because it has a very heavy presence in the server market. Saying it is a bad choice for servers just doesn't reflect it's real world usage.

FreakNigh {l Wrote}:As for the embedded devices I suppose I'm talking a bit more on the range of the smaller one's with limited memory. No doubt they have embedded devices that do anything like run linux or windows. Also with the phones this gets into my previous "wrong and ignorant understanding" that Java is an alternative to a bad OS. A lot of the cheap phones can't have people writing c / assembly programs for them because they don't want to build a secure enough OS to keep them out of the hardware and from creating viruses etc.

I think it's more that J2ME is a quick and dirty application platform you can bundle in. Looking on Wikipedia, C++ and Java seem to be equally popular.

FreakNigh {l Wrote}:If you have a server situation where the problem is split amongst many servers (because obviously oracle and banks do not run it all on one server) then if there was a performance lose with a language then it only means a % more computers are needed.

Where I worked that isn't really true. Our system did run across multiple servers, but the DB's were located on individual ones (not spread). The system was built as a collection of entirely separate servers, each specializing in it's own task. For example you could not spread a task across x number of machines (although there are banks which do that). However the cost of servers at the Enterprise level is shockingly expensive. We once had to pay for a guy to come in and fix an issue we had on a server; I was told later that the company he came from usually charged around $4,000 per hour for an on site call-out. You really can't just throw more hardware at a problem, and that is a really bad way to solve performance issues.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby FreakNigh » 29 Jun 2011, 12:19

Ah well thanks man I learned some about Java here. I guess languages other then C actually are ideal for the massive servers not likely for raw performance reasons though. C surely was not invented in the days of massive software. Ya I've seen hardware roll in that cost the team's yearly salary and it's a little bit heart breaking. I think the days of Java being a questionable viable language for games are long past but you'll still have to watch your implementation just like you would with any other language.

For mmorpg type servers though I do know there are languages that let you swap out code on the fly while its running so I'm sure those are serious considerations.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby StudioFortress » 29 Jun 2011, 14:50

FreakNigh {l Wrote}:For mmorpg type servers though I do know there are languages that let you swap out code on the fly while its running so I'm sure those are serious considerations.

You can do that in Java too.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby charlie » 30 Jun 2011, 12:32

FreakNigh {l Wrote}:int a = 1 + 1; would set aside 4 bytes in the program memory and have an assembly command to push a 2 into it, unless Java is doing exactly the same I don't how it is doing that faster.

Your understanding of what is efficient and fast is superficial, yet you use it as a basis for making higher level judgements.

A wise man knows what he does not know. You are not very wise.

C++ is great for commercial 3D games, because in a situation where throughput on an individual machine/processor is key, the low level context of C/C++ is sublime. However in MMORPG servers and other scalable architectures in general, scalability is not about how much data you can crunch on one machine, but how well you can architect a network-aware, mutli-threaded application to robustly and evenly work with its demand. C++ is awful for these situations. Here the difference between 4bytes and 32bytes is nearly irrelevant. It is the difference between 4 and 32 CPUs and 4 and 32 nodes on a network. The ability to work with the volume of objects and complexity of memory at this level is beyond what mortals can implement in C++, which is why C++-based scalable servers simply don't exist* at enterprise level - including MMORPG game servers.

* They do exist, but out of perseverance as opposed to natural growth, and almost all modern architectures are in Java, .NET, or a scripting language, where things such as memory management are down to smart use of objects and almost totally conceptual. They are a dying breed.

Python is awful when considering performance. Why is EVE-online using Python for servers? Simply put, developing the same in C++ would have simply cost too much and been too problematic. Many would argue Python itself is not a good choice.

Java has similar power to C++, with a bit of inefficiency (which is negligible in most situations except for pure low level throughput on a single machine). Java is great for number crunching, and at that level performs on a par with C++. Interfacing with 3D cards and memory, Java's VM and high level constructs are overhead, which is where C/C++ comes into its own with game programming.

You may have considered me to be troll baiting. I consider you to be troll baiting. You posted totally uninformed (which you have since admitted) statements as if they are fact rather than opinion. You should have said, "In my opinion, although I don't know much about Java, I hear is is slow..." To claim Java is crap is ignorant, and to be upset that I called you on that is disingenuous. You have to be able to back up your statements, and it's obvious that backing your opinions is whimsical beliefs that you have probably gotten from reading too much Slashdot.

Java is not all singing and all dancing, but it is solid, and with the productivity tools like Eclipse (best-in-breed, btw) and the plethora of tools for build management, testing etc as well as many very good libraries. Programming significant projects in Java is as easy to get right than it is with any other language for almost any purpose. Fundamentally a tool is only as good as the person using it [and their knowledge of the language], but Java is a much more refined tool than C++, and a much more solid tool than any scripting language. C#/.NET is catching it (or has caught it? Not used it in a few years) but lacks cross platform prowess. This solidity, coupled with the increasingly good 2D/3D engines for Java, makes it a great language for the indie game developer - casting away the difficulties of C/C++ and not tempting the dicey nature (and subsequent complexity of managing larger code bases) of scripting languages.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby FreakNigh » 30 Jun 2011, 13:14

Actually you hold a lot of the features of a troll. You ignore and reopen previously concluded things. You take plain truths and make them venomously personal instead of about the topic. Then once things get started you make super huge returns with tons of points to be argued making it too exhausting to argue anymore.

And to be very clear I never made this about Java vs C. I never had anything against Java but your way out of your way to protect it. My stance has always been there is a time and place for every language / library etc. Uniformed... I actually code, I don't learn about code only by being informed I guess like you do.

I also already said there is more to it then just raw performance, there is stability and ease of expandability, blocking and separating things so you can develop best in parallel. In fact I hold them more important however I don't think you should abandon a language just because of it.

I've noticed when someone says something that you don't know the truth about such as the 'int a = 1 + 1;' you give it the worst personal insult you can then sit back and let the pro's iron it out.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby ghoulsblade » 30 Jun 2011, 14:08

ServalKatze {l Wrote}:
FreakNigh {l Wrote}:I've never heard of something like Eve or a WoW server made with java.


No, the EVE server was mostly written in Stackless Python. :D


and it's a massive bottleneck in some areas so they've started replacing performance critical parts with c++ code, and are getting huge improvements
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby charlie » 30 Jun 2011, 15:42

FreakNigh {l Wrote}:Actually you hold a lot of the features of a troll. You ignore and reopen previously concluded things. You take plain truths and make them venomously personal instead of about the topic. Then once things get started you make super huge returns with tons of points to be argued making it too exhausting to argue anymore.

Plain truths? Like Java being crap? :p

You were inadvertently trolling originally, so I called you on it. If you take that as a venemously personal attack, that's up to you. Perhaps next time you deride something, you'll properly consider your critique rather than just spouting what you read on the previous tab in your browser?

On the bolded bit, this is a deep discussion point (the merits of programming languages, specifically Java). Just because I'm not up for swapping platitudes with you, that makes the argument exhausting for you? That shows how serious you are about this topic; not very. (Which begs the question, why bother trolling it in the first place with your wide-of-the-mark whimsical notions? If you don't want to go into details, why engage in discussion?)


Great example of where C++ is actually ideal and why Python/C++ combination (also Lua/C++, etc) is where C++ is best put to use IMHO.

As they say, never optimize early. You can bet that had they started out with Python/C++ it would have been a complicated disaster. To do it in pure Python then optimize out the bottlenecks is an effective development path, again IMHO. Python allowed for rabid design (and therefore focus on design). Then in practise the bottlenecks become clear and well understood. By working on isolated, clearly understood problems, the scope for errors and design flaws is massively reduced and creating proper testing tools is far easier.

To be honest, what is more important than programming languages, is programming techniques (and, following that logic, the programmer him/herself). Not optimizing early, designing for reasonable encapsulation and library/object reuse, as well as being methodical about testing - all traits of a good programmer. Which is why I find, "Language X is naff!" arguments to be pretty nonsensical. All languages have good and bad points, but they all have one thing in common; bad programmers.

A good C++/Lua programmer, a good Java programmer, and a good .NET developer could all produce pretty much equivalent software in similar timeframes. The C++/Lua would be slightly faster, the Java would be easier to reuse and a bit more robust, and the .NET would have Microsoft's seal of approval.

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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby ghoulsblade » 30 Jun 2011, 18:34

charlie {l Wrote}:C++ is great for commercial 3D games, because in a situation where throughput on an individual machine/processor is key, the low level context of C/C++ is sublime. However in MMORPG servers and other scalable architectures in general, scalability is not about how much data you can crunch on one machine, but how well you can architect a network-aware, mutli-threaded application to robustly and evenly work with its demand. C++ is awful for these situations. Here the difference between 4bytes and 32bytes is nearly irrelevant. It is the difference between 4 and 32 CPUs and 4 and 32 nodes on a network. The ability to work with the volume of objects and complexity of memory at this level is beyond what mortals can implement in C++, which is why C++-based scalable servers simply don't exist* at enterprise level - including MMORPG game servers.


I'm not aware of any mmorpg game servers existing at enterprise level, independent on programming language. (Assuming you mean a sw-solution offered by a 3rd party being used) Afaik the server software used for typical commercial mmo's is always developed by the mmo's own software team.

I think the main advantage of java for use in commercial servers is it's relatively easy maintenance, with much focus on unit testing and with the programming language design without pointers helping to avoid unwanted side-effects, it becomes easier to use large teams of developers with mixed skill-levels.
I see java as being a safer, more high-level approach, missing some low-level access features that might occasionally be handy or allow slightly better performance, but that would in turn also allow dangerous bugs and hard-to-debug sideeffects.

I disagree with java offering "The ability to work with the volume of objects and complexity of memory at this level is beyond what mortals can implement in C++".
Large Data Volume can be handled using more/faster hardware or by optimizing algorithms, which is independent of the programming language used.
What's possible in Java is possible in c++ as well.
C++ and Java are both capable of Parallel computing. On a sidenode, one interesting (or at least syntactically exotic) example would be OpenMP.

To my knowledge (correct me if i'm wrong) in real world game server applications of the bigger commercial titles mostly c/c++ is used, often in combination with scripting languages, mainly python, lua and c# seem to be widespread.
Now proponents of every language on the world might find a ton of reasons why theoretically using language X or Y would be so much better.
My opinion is if it really were, at least some of the big companies would already be using it.
If anyone can provide links to articles saying this is already happing, please do so, it'd be highly interesting =)
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby Tuxide » 01 Jul 2011, 13:31

Hahaha oh wow what happened to this thread? There was once a time when it was civil and informative, and now it seems every fallacy known to man is featured on here.

I don't know why nobody brought up servers before. Servers have different requirements than clients do such as uptime and security, and the toolkits available in Java allow the development team to provide for them easily. It is probably the case in other languages too, but I certainly wouldn't do it in a dynamic-typed language such as Python.

ghoulsblade {l Wrote}:with the programming language design without pointers helping to avoid unwanted side-effects


There are pointers in Java, the developer just doesn't have direct access to them.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby igouy » 01 Jul 2011, 18:03

charlie {l Wrote}:
ghoulsblade {l Wrote}:* java=slow & memory hungry compared to c++, benchmark : http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/u32/java.php
Total lack of context in these benchmarks. Of course, with Java you get the whole execution stack. These massively skew any such benchmarks where the actual program is relatively small. Of course some basic arbitrary algorithm will be tons slower and consume tons more memory for 1 time running in Java. For practical purposes, the benchmarks should take into account VM start up time and memory consumption, but never do.


No, not "massively skew".

For "any such benchmarks where the actual program is relatively small" the effect of startup time and optimization is typically 1% to 5% of those measured Java program run times.

As much as 0.2s startup time and an unpredictable duration until the JVM finds better optimizations.

http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/help.php#java


charlie {l Wrote}:
ghoulsblade {l Wrote}:* (also interesting : http://blog.gmarceau.qc.ca/2009/05/spee ... ty-of.html)


These are better thought out benchmarks. Here Java outperforms Lua, C# etc. (Java steady state rather than Java -Xint)


Those "better thought out benchmarks" are the same benchmarks as the first link.

Guillaume Marceau did not make any original measurements, as he said, he "used a data table from The Game's website".

Guillaume Marceau's blog post is now 2 years out of date. It shows measurements made with an old version of Java, jdk1.6.0_13.

Those "Total lack of context in these benchmarks" were measured with jdk1.6.0_25 -XX:+TieredCompilation May 2011.

http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/u64q/java.php

And of course there's context - just click the pretty blue links to see source code, build logs, task descriptions...
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby StudioFortress » 02 Jul 2011, 01:11

Half the benchmarks on the language shootout show Java being on par with C++ (or in one case faster), whilst the other three show it being within a factor of 3. Being within a multiple or two of another language is actually pretty close. For example in the benchmark where Java does worst, k-nucleotide, it is still running at twice the speed of the C version (compiled with GCC). It also beats the Fortran Intel compiler in most benchmarks, a language used heavily for high performance computing.

Compared to most other languages, including those which compile ahead of time to native code, that is pretty damn fast. Although the Java memory usage is still ridiculous.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby igouy » 02 Jul 2011, 03:51

StudioFortress {l Wrote}:Although the Java memory usage is still ridiculous.

Less ridiculous for programs that need to allocate memory - binary-trees, k-nucleotide, reverse-complement, regex-dna, mandelbrot.
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Re: Java - any good for game programming?

Postby StudioFortress » 02 Jul 2011, 04:57

Maybe, and I'd never cite it as a reason to not use Java. These days memory usage is rarely a big priority; even on phones is less of an issue now then it used to be. But I personally find Java applications tend to use much more memory then their non-Java counterparts. It's not a fair way to judge; but for example jEdit tends to use more memory then pretty much every other text editor I've used, and NetBeans tends to use more then Visual Studio.
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